In the fertile stretch of land north of San Jose, California, known as Silicon Valley, a story of technological revolution and entrepreneurship began in a small garage. This garage, located at 367 Addison Avenue in Palo Alto, was more than just a storage space; it was the birthplace of a company that would not only transform a valley but also the entire tech world: Hewlett-Packard (HP).
The Humble Beginnings
The story of Hewlett-Packard starts with two Stanford University engineering students, Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard. Their friendship, formed in the halls of Stanford, was the foundation upon which HP was built. Encouraged by their professor, Fred Terman, to start a technology company, the duo saw potential in a small garage in Palo Alto. In 1939, this garage became their workshop, where they tinkered and innovated, giving birth to what would become a global technological empire.
Early Innovations and Growth
Bill and Dave’s first significant innovation was the resistance-tuned audio oscillator. This invention led to HP’s first product, the Model 200A audio oscillator, an affordable and high-quality sound frequency measuring device. The product caught the attention of none other than Walt Disney Studios, leading to HP’s first big sale – eight audio oscillators for use in the production of the film “Fantasia.”
Throughout World War II, Hewlett-Packard pivoted towards military applications, developing products crucial for the war effort. Post-war, the company continued to grow, diversifying its product range and solidifying its position in the technology market. In 1951, HP developed a high-speed frequency counter, which became popular in FM radio and television broadcasting. The company went public in 1957, marking a significant milestone in its journey.
Expanding Horizons
The 1960s and 1970s were pivotal for HP as it ventured into new territories. The company was at the forefront of the space race, developing technology used in space exploration. In 1968, HP introduced the first desktop scientific calculator, the HP 9100A, which was a precursor to the personal computer. The following years saw HP making strides in computing, introducing the world’s first programmable pocket calculator in 1974.
The Birth of Silicon Valley
HP’s success and innovation were a beacon, attracting other tech companies to Santa Clara County, gradually transforming it into the tech hub known as Silicon Valley. The term “Silicon Valley” itself was coined in 1977, capturing the essence of the area’s transformation, driven in no small part by Hewlett-Packard’s influence.
Setting Standards in Computing and Printing
The 1980s and 1990s were marked by HP’s efforts to make technology more accessible. In 1984, HP released the first LaserJet printer, which quickly became a household name. HP continued to innovate, creating the first all-in-one office device in 1994 – the HP OfficeJet. These products not only cemented HP’s position in the tech industry but also set new standards in personal and office computing.
Legacy and Impact
The turn of the millennium saw the passing of both Hewlett and Packard. However, their legacy lived on as HP continued to innovate, pushing the boundaries of technology. The company played a crucial role in advancing computer architecture and was involved in the development of high-resolution images of Mars transmitted by NASA’s Spirit Rover.
In 2007, the original HP garage in Palo Alto was listed in the National Register of Historic Places as “The Birthplace of Silicon Valley,” a fitting tribute to the site where it all began. Today, HP remains a dominant force in computing, printing, and emerging technologies like 3D printing and AI, continuously shaping the future of technology.
The Culture of Innovation
HP’s impact on Silicon Valley extended beyond its products. The company was a pioneer in establishing a progressive work culture. Early on, HP recognized the importance of employee welfare and innovation. In 1942, the company was among the first to offer a healthcare plan to its employees. By 1947, HP had formally incorporated, setting a standard for future tech companies.
The Open Door Policy
A significant aspect of HP’s legacy is its management style. The company adopted an open-door policy, promoting transparency and encouraging open communication between employees and management. This approach facilitated a collaborative environment, inspiring creativity and innovation. It was a radical departure from the hierarchical and rigid structures prevalent in corporations of that era.
Expansion and Diversification
As technology evolved, so did HP. The company ventured into various sectors, including printing, computing, and later into software and services. In 1984, HP introduced inkjet and laser printers, which became significant drivers of its revenue. These innovations also laid the foundation for the multifunction printers that are commonplace today.
The Dot-Com Era and Beyond
Entering the dot-com era, HP expanded its reach in the tech world. The company’s acquisition strategy, including notable companies like Apollo Computer and Convex Computer in the 1990s, played a crucial role in its expansion. The late 1990s and early 2000s were marked by further diversification and expansion into new markets, cementing HP’s status as a tech giant.
The Split
A pivotal moment in HP’s history was its split in 2015 into two entities: HP Inc. and Hewlett Packard Enterprise. This division allowed each company to focus on specific segments of the technology market, with HP Inc. concentrating on computers and printers and Hewlett Packard Enterprise focusing on servers, storage, and networking.
Legacy and Future
Today, HP continues to be a leader in the tech industry, driving innovation in areas like 3D printing and sustainable computing. Its commitment to innovation, combined with a progressive approach to business and employee relations, has left an indelible mark on Silicon Valley and the global tech industry.
The story of Hewlett-Packard is more than just a history of a company. It’s a narrative of how vision, innovation, and a commitment to employee welfare can not only build a successful business but also shape an entire industry and region. The garage at Addison Avenue, now a California Historical Landmark, stands as a symbol of this remarkable journey, reminding us that from humble beginnings, great things can emerge.
Conclusion
Hewlett-Packard’s story is integral to the history of Silicon Valley. From a small garage to a global tech leader, HP’s journey is a testament to the power of innovation, vision, and a culture that fosters creativity and collaboration. As we look towards the future, the legacy of Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard continues to inspire new generations of entrepreneurs and innovators, echoing the spirit that has made Silicon Valley synonymous with technological advancement.
Sources
“HP Garage.” Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Garage.
“Hewlett-Packard.” Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hewlett-Packard.
“Hewlett-Packard Company | History & Facts.” Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hewlett-Packard-Company.
“The Original Pioneers of Silicon Valley.” Hewlett Packard Enterprise. https://www.hpe.com/us/en/about/history/founders.html.
“History of HP.” HP Tech Takes. https://www.hp.com/us-en/shop/tech-takes/history-of-hp.
